针对输电瓶颈现象，介绍了提高输电线路允许载流量的方法及其可能产生的问题，证明了通过在线监测装置可以实现载流量的动态计算。根据现行规程中载流量的数学模型和实际情况，修正了模型中的部分物理量。将试验结果与数学模型的理论计算进行比较，验证了所提出的修正数学模型的合理性。在分析和验证的基础上，分析了导线3种运行状态下的允许载流量，提出了正常载流的制定原则，讨论了特殊和应急载流的可行性，并提出了增容思路。

Due to the limitation of transmission capacity of transmission lines and fast increase of power load, the power transmission congestions, i.e., the bottleneck phenomena, of transmission line often happen. The approaches to raise permissible ampacity of transmission lines and the problems possibly caused by the approaches are presented, meanwhile, it is proved possible to dynamically calculate the ampacity by use of on-line monitoring devices. According to the mathematical model of ampacity given by current specifications and actual conditions, partial physical quantities in this model is modified. Comparing test results with theoretical calculation results of this mathematical model, the reasonableness of the modified mathematical model is validated. Permissible ampacities of conductor under three operating modes are analyzed and the principle to draw up normal ampacity of transmission line is proposed. The feasibility to raise ampacity of transmission lines under special or emergent conditions and relevant thinking are discussed.

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